Comprehensive catalog of 100+ hyperscale and sovereign AI data center campuses globally, comparing announced capacity vs. de-risked capacity discounted by the 11-stage Reality Ladder.
Showing top verified campuses with operational telemetry, interconnection RTO, and Reality Discount haircuts.
| Campus & Operator | Location / RTO | Stage | Announced MW | De-risked MW | Power Source | Substation | Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Project Stargate — Abilene AI Superhub
Crusoe / SoftBank / OpenAI • North America
|
Abilene, Texas, United States
Grid: ERCOT
|
R7 | 1,200 MW | 1,020 MW | Solar + Wind + Dual-Fuel Behind-the-Meter CCGT | 345 kV | 2026 |
|
Dominion Data Center Alley — Ashburn Hyper-Campus
Digital Realty / AWS / Equinix • North America
|
Loudoun County, Virginia, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R10 | 4,800 MW | 4,800 MW | PJM Grid Interconnect (500kV Bulk Transmission) | 500 kV | 2024 |
|
Cumulus Data / AWS Susquehanna Nuclear AI Campus
Amazon Web Services / Talen Energy • North America
|
Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R9 | 960 MW | 940.8 MW | Behind-the-Meter Nuclear (Susquehanna Units 1 & 2) | 500 kV | 2025 |
|
Crane Clean Energy Center (Three Mile Island Unit 1 Re-Start)
Constellation Energy / Microsoft • North America
|
Middletown, Pennsylvania, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R6 | 835 MW | 626.2 MW | Dedicated Nuclear Re-Energization (835MW Reactor 1) | 500 kV | 2028 |
|
Meta Prometheus AI Supercluster — Eagle Mountain
Meta Platforms • North America
|
Eagle Mountain, Utah, United States
Grid: CAISO / PacifiCorp
|
R8 | 1,500 MW | 1,380 MW | Rocky Mountain Power (PacifiCorp) Solar/Wind PPA | 345 kV | 2026 |
|
Johor Bahru AI Hyperscale Corridor — Sedenak Tech Park
YTL Power / Sea / ByteDance • Asia Pacific
|
Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Grid: TNB-Malaysia
|
R8 | 2,800 MW | 2,576 MW | TNB National Grid + Dedicated On-Site Solar Farm (500MW) | 275 kV | 2026 |
|
Dublin West AI Data Corridor — Grange Castle Campus
AWS / Google / CyrusOne • Europe
|
Dublin, Ireland
Grid: EirGrid
|
R9 | 1,250 MW | 1,225 MW | EirGrid 220kV Grid + Gas Peaker Microgrid (EirGrid Cap Mitigation) | 220 kV | 2025 |
|
NEOM Cognitive City — Oxagon Hyperscale AI Park
NEOM Tech & Digital / Saudi Aramco • Middle East
|
Oxagon, Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia
Grid: Saudi-SEC
|
R5 | 2,000 MW | 1,200 MW | Dedicated 4GW Solar & Wind Mega-Plant + Green Hydrogen Storage | 380 kV | 2028 |
|
Microsoft Mount Pleasant AI Superhub
Microsoft • North America
|
Racine County, Wisconsin, United States
Grid: MISO
|
R7 | 2,000 MW | 1,700 MW | We Energies 345kV Grid + Lake Michigan Closed Loop | 345 kV | 2026 |
|
QTS Mega Data Center Campus — Richmond
QTS Data Centers / Blackstone • North America
|
Henrico County, Virginia, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R8 | 2,400 MW | 2,208 MW | Dominion Energy 500kV/230kV Substation Interconnect | 500 kV | 2026 |
|
Google Red Oak Hyperscale AI Park
Google Cloud • North America
|
Ellis County, Texas, United States
Grid: ERCOT
|
R9 | 1,000 MW | 980 MW | ERCOT 345kV Grid + Oncor Interconnect | 345 kV | 2025 |
|
Vantage Data Centers Goodyear Mega-Campus
Vantage Data Centers / Silver Lake • North America
|
Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Grid: APS-WECC
|
R8 | 960 MW | 883.2 MW | Arizona Public Service (APS) 230kV | 230 kV | 2026 |
|
CyrusOne Aurora AI Computing Complex
CyrusOne / KKR • North America
|
Chicago Metro, Illinois, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R9 | 750 MW | 735 MW | ComEd 138kV Substation Interconnect | 138 kV | 2025 |
|
CoreWeave Denton High-Density AI Cluster
CoreWeave / Blue Owl • North America
|
Denton, Texas, United States
Grid: ERCOT
|
R9 | 650 MW | 637 MW | Denton Municipal Electric + ERCOT | 138 kV | 2025 |
|
Stack Infrastructure New Albany Supercampus
Stack Infrastructure / IPI • North America
|
New Albany, Ohio, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R8 | 1,100 MW | 1,012 MW | AEP Ohio 345kV Grid Loop | 345 kV | 2026 |
|
Aligned Data Centers Phoenix Mega-Campus
Aligned Data Centers / Macquarie • North America
|
Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Grid: SRP-WECC
|
R8 | 1,400 MW | 1,288 MW | Salt River Project (SRP) 500kV | 500 kV | 2026 |
|
Switch Citadel Campus — Tahoe Reno
Switch / DigitalBridge • North America
|
Reno, Nevada, United States
Grid: NV-Energy
|
R9 | 1,300 MW | 1,274 MW | NV Energy 345kV + 100% Solar Farm | 345 kV | 2025 |
|
Compass Datacenters Meridian Megasite
Compass Datacenters / Brookfield • North America
|
Boise Metro, Idaho, United States
Grid: Idaho-Power
|
R7 | 1,000 MW | 850 MW | Idaho Power Hydro + Solar Interconnect | 230 kV | 2027 |
|
Prime Data Centers Los Banos Mega-Park
Prime Data Centers • North America
|
Central Valley, California, United States
Grid: CAISO
|
R6 | 1,000 MW | 750 MW | PG&E 500kV Path 15 Transmission Line | 500 kV | 2027 |
|
Yondr Northern Virginia Loudoun Cluster
Yondr Group • North America
|
Loudoun County, Virginia, United States
Grid: PJM
|
R8 | 960 MW | 883.2 MW | Dominion Energy 230kV | 230 kV | 2026 |
|
Sabey Data Centers Columbia Basin Hydro-Hub
Sabey Data Centers • North America
|
Quincy, Washington, United States
Grid: BPA / Grant-PUD
|
R10 | 500 MW | 500 MW | Grant County PUD Low-Cost Hydroelectric | 230 kV | 2024 |
|
TerraPower Wyoming Natrium SMR Campus
TerraPower / PacifiCorp • North America
|
Kemmerer, Wyoming, United States
Grid: PacifiCorp
|
R4 | 500 MW | 225 MW | Natrium Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SMR) + Molten Salt | 345 kV | 2030 |
|
Frankfurt Rhine-Main AI Hub
Equinix / Digital Realty • Europe
|
Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Grid: ENTSO-E (TenneT)
|
R9 | 1,200 MW | 1,176 MW | TenneT 380kV + Municipal Green Power | 380 kV | 2025 |
|
London Slough Trading Estate Mega-Cluster
SEGRO / Equinix / Yondr • Europe
|
Slough / West London, United Kingdom
Grid: UK-NESO
|
R10 | 900 MW | 900 MW | National Grid 132kV / 275kV | 275 kV | 2025 |
|
Paris Plaine Commune AI Cloud Park
Data4 / Interxion • Europe
|
Saint-Denis, Paris, France
Grid: RTE-France
|
R8 | 800 MW | 736 MW | RTE 225kV Grid (80% Nuclear Base) | 225 kV | 2026 |
|
Amsterdam Schiphol-Rijk Corridor
Iron Mountain / EdgeConneX • Europe
|
Haarlemmermeer, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Grid: TenneT-NL
|
R9 | 700 MW | 686 MW | TenneT 150kV Grid | 150 kV | 2025 |
|
Luleå Hydro-AI Campus Sweden
Meta Platforms • Europe
|
Luleå, Norrbotten, Sweden
Grid: Svenska Kraftnät
|
R10 | 900 MW | 900 MW | 100% Run-of-River Hydroelectric Power | 400 kV | 2024 |
|
Hamina Seawater Data Campus Finland
Google • Europe
|
Hamina, Gulf of Finland, Finland
Grid: Fingrid
|
R10 | 600 MW | 600 MW | Fingrid 400kV + Nordic Wind PPAs | 400 kV | 2024 |
|
Sines Tech Innovation & Data Park (Start Campus)
Start Campus / Davidson Kempner • Europe
|
Sines, Alentejo, Portugal
Grid: REN-Portugal
|
R7 | 1,200 MW | 1,020 MW | REN 400kV Grid (Wind/Solar/Ocean Hydro) | 400 kV | 2026 |
|
Madrid Aragon Sovereign Cloud Corridor
AWS / Microsoft • Europe
|
Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
Grid: REE-Spain
|
R8 | 1,600 MW | 1,472 MW | Red Eléctrica 400kV + Spanish Solar PPAs | 400 kV | 2026 |
|
G42 / Cerebras Condor Galaxy AI Hub
G42 / Microsoft / Cerebras • Middle East
|
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Grid: EWEC
|
R8 | 1,000 MW | 920 MW | Barakah Nuclear Power Plant Interconnect | 400 kV | 2026 |
|
Dammam Sovereign AI Campus
Saudi Aramco / HUMBL • Middle East
|
Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Grid: Saudi-SEC
|
R7 | 800 MW | 680 MW | SEC 380kV + On-Site Gas Cogeneration | 380 kV | 2027 |
|
Salalah Subsea Gateway AI Park
Oman Data Park / Equinix • Middle East
|
Salalah, Dhofar, Oman
Grid: Nama-Oman
|
R6 | 600 MW | 450 MW | Dhofar Wind + Natural Gas CCGT | 132 kV | 2027 |
|
Inzai Chiba AI Supercomputing Cluster
NTT Com / Colt / Digital Realty • Asia Pacific
|
Inzai, Chiba Prefecture (Tokyo), Japan
Grid: TEPCO
|
R9 | 1,500 MW | 1,470 MW | TEPCO 275kV Substation Interconnect | 275 kV | 2025 |
|
Navi Mumbai Airoli AI Data Corridor
Yotta Data Services / Adani / Reliance • Asia Pacific
|
Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Grid: MSEDCL
|
R8 | 2,200 MW | 2,024 MW | MSETCL 220kV Grid + Khavda Renewable Park | 220 kV | 2026 |
Lead-time inflation auditing critical hardware components needed to energize gigawatt AI campuses.
| Component | Category | Current Lead Time | Pre-AI Baseline | Criticality | Bottleneck Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-Voltage GSU Step-Up Transformers (345kV–765kV) | POWER TRANSMISSION | 48 Months | 14 Months | EXTREME (99.4) | Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) laser-scribed grade deficit; specialized manual copper winding labor; high-voltage test bay bottlenecks. |
| Medium-Voltage Gas-Insulated Switchgear (15kV–38kV GIS) | SUBSTATION ELECTRICAL | 34 Months | 12 Months | EXTREME (94.2) | Vacuum interrupter supply shortages; SF6-free eco-gas regulatory transitions; busbar fabrication constraints. |
| Direct-to-Chip Coolant Distribution Units (CDUs & Manifolds) | THERMAL LIQUID COOLING | 18 Months | 6 Months | EXTREME (96.5) | Precision CNC drip-less quick-disconnect (QD) couplings; brazed plate stainless steel heat exchanger shortages; glycol/deionized water purification. |
| Aero-Derivative Gas Peaker Turbines (30MW–60MW Fast-Start) | GENERATION PEAKING | 38 Months | 14 Months | EXTREME (92.8) | Aviation-grade nickel superalloy hot-section casting bottlenecks; competition with commercial aircraft engine backlogs. |
| 800G & 1.6T DR8/OSFP Optical Transceiver Modules | HIGH SPEED INTERCONNECT | 14 Months | 5 Months | EXTREME (89.6) | Indium Phosphide (InP) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) wafer fab capacity; silicon photonics PIC packaging complexity. |
| Extra-High-Voltage (500kV) Substation SF6 Circuit Breakers | SUBSTATION ELECTRICAL | 40 Months | 15 Months | EXTREME (91.5) | Cast aluminum high-pressure tank foundries, ceramic insulator supply chain disruptions, porcelain bush shortage. |
Temporal divergence between semiconductor refresh cycles and utility-scale energy infrastructure delivery.
Active transmission queues, cluster wait times, and upgrade capex backlogs across North America and Europe.
| RTO / Grid Operator | Region | Active Queue | Data Center Queue | Avg Wait | Historical Attrition | Upgrade Backlog | Primary Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PJM Interconnection (Mid-Atlantic & Rust Belt) | North America (13 States + DC) | 784 GW | 142.5 GW | 6.8 Years | 74.2% | $18.4B | Severe 500kV bulk transmission transfer limits out of western PJM into Northern Virginia (Dominion zone). Historic single-line thermal overloads. |
| Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) | Texas (Isolated Grid) | 422 GW | 118 GW | 3.4 Years | 61.5% | $11.2B | West-to-East transmission congestion; reactive power support deficits; Senate Bill 6 generation and interconnection reliability limits. |
| California ISO (CAISO) | California & Western Energy Imbalance Market | 362 GW | 28.4 GW | 5.2 Years | 79.8% | $14.5B | Substation tap moratoriums; local distribution import constraints in Silicon Valley and Southern California basin. |
| Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) | Midwest & Gulf Coast (15 States + Manitoba) | 412 GW | 54.2 GW | 5.9 Years | 71% | $15.8B | North-South subregional transfer limit across Arkansas/Missouri seam; seasonal wind/solar curtailment. |
| Southwest Power Pool (SPP) | Great Plains (14 States) | 285 GW | 36 GW | 5.4 Years | 69.5% | $8.5B | Wind generation export bottleneck to MISO; high network upgrade deposits weed out unbacked developers. |
| European Network of Transmission System Operators (ENTSO-E) | Pan-European Grid (35 European Countries) | 394 GW | 46.8 GW | 7.5 Years | 68.4% | $24.5B | Cross-border interconnect bottlenecks; municipal nitrogen emission quotas (Netherlands/Germany); heat reuse legislative mandates. |
| National Energy System Operator (UK NESO / National Grid) | United Kingdom (Great Britain) | 186 GW | 24.5 GW | 6.2 Years | 65% | $8.9B | Scottish wind transfer down to London / Slough corridor; West London 132kV distribution moratorium. |
Actuarial discounting protocol preventing speculative press releases from distorting global compute forecasting.
| Stage | Stage Name | Discount Factor | Key Verification Milestones | Verification Criteria / Receipt |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R0 | Speculative Announcement / Press Release | 0% | Public press release, executive keynote, or land letter of intent with no optioned land deeds or utility interconnection submission. | SEC Form 8-K or Corporate PR only |
| R1 | Site Control & Queue Filing Submitted | 5% | Secured exclusive purchase or lease option on land parcels; formal interconnection request filed with ISO/RTO docket. | RTO Queue Position Log Identifier |
| R2 | System Impact Study (SIS) Active | 12% | RTO has accepted filing into cluster study; initial thermal load flow and short-circuit modeling commenced by engineers. | RTO Phase 1 Cluster Study Ingest |
| R3 | Facilities Study & Cost Allocation Received | 25% | Transmission utility has determined physical substation point of interconnection (POI) and assigned network upgrade cost allocation. | Utility Facilities Study Receipt |
| R4 | Generator / Load Interconnection Agreement Executed | 45% | Tri-party agreement signed between developer, transmission owner (TO), and RTO; initial milestone cash security deposit posted. | Signed FERC/State GIA Filing Docket |
| R5 | Zoning & Environmental Permits Fully Granted | 60% | County Conditional Use Permit (CUP) approved, EPA air emissions permits cleared for backup peakers, water rights certified. | County Board of Supervisors Approval Minutes |
| R6 | Long-Lead Power Equipment POs Placed | 75% | Binding non-refundable factory slot deposits paid to Tier-1 OEMs for high-voltage GSU step-up transformers and MV switchgear. | OEM Escrow / Factory Slot Confirmation |
| R7 | Civil Groundbreaking & Substation Foundation | 85% | Active earth-moving machinery on site; perimeter berms constructed; dedicated high-voltage substation transformer pads poured. | Satellite SAR / Geo-Tagged Drone Verification |
| R8 | Data Center Shell Erected & Mechanical Fit-Out | 92% | Data hall structural building envelope closed; DLC manifold piping, backup generators, and UPS battery banks installed. | Certificate of Substantial Completion |
| R9 | Substation Energized & Initial IT Load Ingest | 98% | Substation energized with live transmission voltage; white space commissioned; first GPU compute clusters docking and burning in. | Transmission Owner Backfeed Clearance Notice |
| R10 | Full Commercial Energization & Production Operation | 100% | Campus operating at contracted capacity factor; megawatts fully metered by utility; continuous AI training/inference workloads running. | Utility Settlement Meter Telemetry |
Actuarial answers for infrastructure developers, utility planners, institutional investors, and AI engineers.
The AKI Global AI Infrastructure Intelligence Index is an empirical actuarial registry tracking 100+ Gigawatt-scale AI data center campuses globally, regional grid interconnection queues (PJM, ERCOT, CAISO, ENTSO-E), and equipment supply-chain bottlenecks under the Zero-Incentive-Protocol (ZIP-1.0).
The Reality Ladder is an actuarial framework that applies empirical discount haircuts to speculative data center press releases. Stages range from R0 (Pure Speculative Announcement, 0% counted) through R5 (Interconnection Agreement Executed, 40% counted), R7 (Substation Energized, 75% counted), to R10 (Fully Operational Multi-GW Cluster, 100% counted).
The primary equipment bottlenecks are High-Voltage GSU Step-Up Transformers (48+ month lead times), High-Voltage SF6/Vacuum Switchgear (42+ month lead times), DLC Liquid-Cooling CDUs & Manifolds (24+ month lead times), and Aeroderivative Fast-Start Gas Turbines (36+ month lead times).
The Lead-Time Mismatch describes the severe temporal divergence between hardware cycles: AI accelerators (Nvidia Blackwell/Rubin) iterate on a 12-to-18-month cadence, while high-voltage power substations require 48 to 60 months, and bulk transmission lines require 84 to 120 months. This mismatch forces hyperscalers to deploy capital years ahead of chip availability.
Across major North American and European grid operators (PJM, ERCOT, CAISO, MISO, SPP, ENTSO-E, UK-NESO), active interconnection queues exceed 2,400 Gigawatts. Average cluster study wait times range from 4.5 to 7.0 years, with historical queue attrition rates between 68% and 75%.
De-risked Megawatts equal Announced MW multiplied by the actuarial discount factor assigned to the campus's verified Reality Stage (e.g. 15% for R2 Land Under Contract, 60% for R6 Foundation Poured, 90% for R9 First Phase Commissioned). This prevents market double-counting of ghost gigawatts.
The AKI infrastructure registry is audited daily at 02:00 UTC, with RTO interconnection queues and FERC cluster filings ingested on a rolling weekly cadence.
The benchmark is published under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Academic institutions, research papers, and LLM search agents can cite it in APA as: AKI Platform. (2026). AKI™ Global AI Infrastructure Intelligence Franchise (100+ GW • ZIP-1.0). https://aki1k.com/infrastructure/campuses, or via BibTeX key @online{aki_infra_2026}. Machine endpoints: https://api.aki1k.com/v1/infrastructure/summary and https://aki1k.com/infrastructure.md.
Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Permitted for academic, enterprise, and search engine citation.